- Dependent Existence: for a flower to exist and for us to have experienced it requires the existence of many others. The gardener, the sun, the water, the minerals, the soil.
- In cognitive science, concept of connectionist representation
- In emergent systems, there is no ‘conductor’ there is only a symphony that interdepend on each other
- Independent Existence: a separate existence. A flower cannot be by herself or have a self-nature (svabhāva).